Shigella ke mofuta oa baktheria ea gram-negative e bakang shigellosis, mofuta o matla oa letšollo le ka behang bophelo kotsing haeba le sa phekoloe.Shigellosis ke bothata bo boholo ba bophelo bo botle ba sechaba, haholo-holo linaheng tse tsoelang pele tse nang le mekhoa e fokolang ea likhoerekhoere le bohloeki.
Pathogenesis ea Shigella e rarahane 'me e kenyelletsa lintlha tse' maloa tsa likokoana-hloko, ho kenyelletsa le bokhoni ba libaktheria ho hlasela le ho ikatisa ka har'a epithelium ea mala.Shigella e boetse e hlahisa chefo e 'maloa, ho kenyelletsa chefo ea Shiga le lipopolysaccharide endotoxin, e ka bakang ho ruruha, tšenyo ea lisele le letšollo.
Matšoao a shigellosis hangata a qala ka letšollo, feberu le mahlaba ka mpeng.Letšollo le ka ba le metsi kapa la tšolla mali 'me le ka tsamaea le mamina kapa boladu.Maemong a matla, shigellosis e ka lebisa ho felloa ke metsi 'meleng, ho se leka-lekane ha electrolyte, esita le lefu.
Tšoaetso ea Shigella e etsahala haholo-holo ka tsela ea molomo oa mantle, hangata ka ho ja lijo kapa metsi a silafetseng kapa ho kopana le libaka kapa lintho tse silafetseng.Baktheria e ka boela ea ata ka ho kopana le motho ho ea ho motho, haholo-holo maemong a phetheselang kapa a sa hloekang.
Lilemong tsa morao tjena, ts'oaetso ea Shigella e ntse e tsoela pele ho baka phephetso e kholo ea bophelo bo botle ba sechaba lefatšeng ka bophara.Mokhatlo oa Lefatše oa Bophelo (WHO) o ile oa tsebisoa ka la 4 Hlakola 2022 ka palo e phahameng ka ho sa tloaelehang ea linyeoe tsa Shigella sonnei tse hanyetsanang le lithethefatsi (XDR) tse tlalehiloeng United Kingdom le Northern Ireland le linaheng tse ling tse 'maloa Sebakeng sa Europe ho tloha ka nako eo. qetellong ea 2021. Leha mafu a mangata a S. sonnei a fella ka nako e khuts'oane ea lefu le ho shoa ha batho ba fokolang, ho hanyetsa lithethefatsi tse ngata (MDR) le XDR shigellosis ke bothata ba bophelo bo botle ba sechaba kaha mekhoa ea phekolo e fokotsehile haholo bakeng sa linyeoe tse itekanetseng ho isa ho tse matla.
Shigellosis e atile linaheng tse ngata tsa moruo o tlase kapa o mahareng (LMICs) mme ke sesosa se seholo sa letšollo le tšollang mali lefatšeng ka bophara.Selemo se seng le se seng, ho hakanngoa hore e baka bonyane liketsahalo tse limilione tse 80 tsa letšollo le tšollang mali le mafu a 700 000.Hoo e ka bang (99%) tšoaetso ea Shigella e etsahala ho LMICs, 'me boholo ba linyeoe (~ 70%), le tsa lefu (~ 60%), li etsahala ho bana ba ka tlaase ho lilemo tse hlano.Ho hakanngoa hore <1% ea linyeoe li phekoloa sepetlele.
Ho feta moo, ho hlaha ha mefuta e hananang le lithibela-mafu ea Shigella e fetohile taba e ntseng e hola, 'me libaka tse ngata li tlaleha litekanyetso tse ntseng li eketseha tsa ho hanyetsa lithibela-mafu tse tloaelehileng tse sebelisoang ho phekola shigellosis.Le hoja boiteko ba ho ntlafatsa mekhoa ea bohloeki le bohloeki le ho khothalletsa tšebeliso e nepahetseng ea lithibela-mafu li ntse li tsoela pele, ho tsoela pele ho falimeha le tšebelisano-'moho ho pholletsa le sechaba sa lefats'e sa bophelo bo botle hoa hlokahala ho sebetsana le tšokelo e tsoelang pele ea tšoaetso ea Shigella.
Kalafo ea shigellosis hangata e kenyelletsa lithibela-mafu, empa ho hanyetsa lithibela-mafu tse sebelisoang hangata ho ntse ho ata.Ka hona, mehato ea thibelo, e kang ho ntlafatsa mekhoa ea bohloeki le bohloeki, ho netefatsa lijo tse sireletsehileng le mehloli ea metsi, le ho khothalletsa tšebeliso e nepahetseng ea lithibela-mafu, ke tsa bohlokoa bakeng sa ho laola ho ata ha Shigella le ho fokotsa ts'oaetso ea shigellosis.
Nako ea poso: Apr-15-2023